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to offer gender-neutral driver's licenses and ID cards. Since at least October , Arkansas has been issuing driver's licenses with an "X" gender marker upon request. Arkansas has historically operated without a clear public policy for changing gender markers on IDs.

However, in December former Assistant Commissioner of Operations and Administration Mike Munns announced that Arkansas's official policy would be to "allow a licensee to change their gender as requested, no questions asked, no documentation required. On September 26, , intersex California resident Sara Kelly Keenan became the second person in the United States to legally change her gender to non-binary.

In December , Keenan became the first American recipient of a birth certificate with " intersex " listed under the category of "sex". In September , California passed legislation implementing a third, non-binary gender marker on California birth certificates, drivers' licenses, and identity cards.

The bill, SB , also removes the requirements for a physician's statement and mandatory court hearing for gender change petitions. On November 30, , Colorado began allowing people who do not identify as male or female to mark X as the gender identifier on their driver's license.

Motor Vehicle Department employees shall not request additional gender-related information beyond that required on the applicable forms or otherwise inquire about the applicant's private medical history or records. Effective July 1, , X gender markers are available on Hawaiian state issue IDs. In August , Illinois passed legislation to allow gender-neutral markers on all state forms including driver's licenses and ID cards. The changes may take several years to implement, however, due to Illinois' existing six-year contract with IDEMIA to provide ID card services.

In March , the Indiana Bureau of Motor Vehicles began allowing gender-neutral markers on driver's licenses and identification cards.

On June 11, , Maine began allowing "X" gender markers on state IDs, using a temporary sticker until a system update. A law offering an "X" gender marker on driver's licenses and state identification cards has also been passed in Maryland effective October 1, Effective November 12, Effective November 10, Minnesota began allowing "X" gender markers on state IDs on October 1, The designation is considered self reported information and does not require documentation.

A nonbinary person named MJ Zappa became the first to obtain the marker after a struggle with the state Department of Vehicle Services for over a year. In July , the New Hampshire legislature passed a bill allowing individuals to indicate their sex on IDs as male, female, or other. In , New Jersey added an 'X' gender identifier option to be displayed on drivers' licenses instead of 'F' or 'M'.

The passage of Senate Bill 20 into law in the session of the New Mexico Legislature amended the Vital Records Act to allow for a third designator on the state's identification documents in both Real ID Act compliant and non-compliant forms , 'X', to be selected instead of 'F' or 'M' and required only a doctor's signature on the designator change request form instead of a court order as prior.

The Motor Vehicle Division of the New Mexico Taxation and Revenue Department began issuing such licenses later that year, although by Q1 the forms for license renewal had not yet been reprinted with the third option shown, instead allowing manual amendment.

In June , legislation was introduced in New York City, the NYC municipal ID has a non-binary option New York City and New York State have separate departments handling birth certificates to offer an "X" gender marker for residents' ID cards. For a short period between the Oklahoma State Department of Health settling Loreleid v.

Oklahoma State Department of Health in October and Oklahoma governor Kevin Stitt signing Executive Order on 8 November , birth certificates with a non-binary gender marker could be issued in Oklahoma. On June 10, , a state judge in a Multnomah County, Oregon circuit court ruled that a resident, Elisa Rae Shupe , could obtain a non-binary gender designation. On June 15, , Oregon became the first state in the U. to announce it will allow a non-binary "X" gender marker on state IDs and driver's licenses, beginning July 1 with no doctor's note required.

As of , in the state of Oregon any person may choose a gender marking of their choosing "F", "X", or "M" being the options, the field being listed as "sex" on their driver's license or identification card without any requirements of proof of gender. Oregon also allows a person to amend their birth certificate to include non-binary "X" gender marker as of January 1, On July 30, , the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation announced that they would introduce an official process to request an X gender designation on state driver's licenses in Virginia has a non-binary option for drivers licenses and state issued ID cards.

In December , Washington state filed an adopted rule to allow a third, non-binary "X" gender marker on amended birth certificates, although certificates will still be initially issued with male or female designations; the rule went into effect on January 27, The law also provides a basis for social protection, anti-discrimination efforts, quotas and reparations.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Not to be confused with Legal recognition of intersex people. Gender identities. Outline Timeline United Kingdom United States Compton's Cafeteria riot Stonewall riots Intersex.

Health care. Gender clinic Gender dysphoria in children Sex assignment Sex reassignment therapy Hormone therapy feminizing masculinizing Puberty-suppressing hormone therapy Gender-affirming surgery female-to-male male-to-female Facial feminization surgery Facial masculinization surgery Hair removal Pregnancy Reproduction Voice therapy WPATH Standards of Care.

Rights and legal issues. Asylum Discrimination Anti-gender movement Inequality Non-binary Transgender men Transmisogyny Legal status Rights movement Non-binary, third gender Organizations Military service Toilets Bathroom bills Unisex Violence Trans bashing Trans panic Unlawful killings Violence against LGBT people Yogyakarta Principles. Society and culture. LGBT-related films Events Awareness Week Day of Remembrance Day of Visibility March LGBT Flag History Media portrayals Fictional characters Literature Film Television People Non-binary Publications Religion Sports Gender transitioning Gender detransitioning Transgender youth suicide more.

Theory and concepts. By country. Argentina Australia Rights Re Kevin Brazil Canada Bill C, Rights China Colombia Germany India Rights of Transgender Persons Bill, Tamil Nadu Iran Ireland New Zealand Singapore South Africa Turkey United Kingdom Rights Gender Recognition Act History United States Cafeteria riot Disenfranchisement History Legal history Rights Title IX.

See also. Gender Gender studies Intersex Queer heterosexuality LGBT Sex sex assignment Sex and gender distinction Sexual orientation Social construction of gender Takatāpui.

Opt-in for intersex people only. Standard for third gender. Standard for intersex. Further information: Transgender rights , Third gender , and Non-binary gender. Main article: Legal recognition of intersex people. Further information: Intersex human rights. Further information: Transgender rights in Argentina and Travesti gender identity. Further information: Intersex rights in Australia and Transgender rights in Australia. Further information: LGBT rights in Belgium. See also: Transgender rights in Brazil.

See also: Intersex rights in Canada and Transgender rights in Canada. Further information: LGBT rights in Chile § Gender identity and expression. Further information: LGBT rights in Colombia § Gender identity and expression , and Travesti gender identity. Further information: LGBT rights in Denmark. See also: LGBT rights in Greenland and LGBT rights in the Faroe Islands. Further information: Intersex rights in Germany and LGBT rights in Germany. Main article: LGBT rights in Iceland.

See also: Transgender rights in Tamil Nadu. See also: LGBT rights in Nepal. Further information: Intersex rights in New Zealand and Transgender rights in New Zealand. Main article: Hijra South Asia. Further information: Intersex rights in the United Kingdom and Transgender rights in the United Kingdom.

Further information: Intersex rights in the United States and Transgender rights in the United States. Recognition via statute or policy. Recognition via court order only. No legal recognition. Main article: Oklahoma Senate Bill Retrieved 27 May BBC News. December 23, Retrieved Ex-transsexual Australian Norrie May-Welby is first legally genderless person" Archived at the Wayback Machine , New York Daily News. The Daily Dot.

Retrieved June 10, License to Be Yourself. New York: Open Society Foundations. ISBN Differentiation and dimorphism of gender identity from conception to maturity. USA: The Johns Hopkins University Press. Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention of Sex. USA: Harvard University Press.

Los estados intersexuales en la especie humana. Madrid: Morata. doi : PMID S2CID Intersex: Stories and Statistics from Australia PDF. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers. Archived from the original PDF on Promoting and Protecting Human Rights in relation to Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Sex Characteristics. Asia Pacific Forum of National Human Rights Institutions.

It's time to listen". Special Broadcasting Service. The Bubble. Archived from the original on May 31, Retrieved April 3, The New York Times. Retrieved May 8, Clarín in Spanish. Retrieved March 25, Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina in Spanish. Retrieved 21 July Ámbito in Spanish. La Nación in Spanish.

The Washington Post. Retrieved 24 July at in German. Retrieved May 16, Verfassungsgerichtshof Österreich in German. Archived from the original PDF on November 10, Science as Culture. Sydney Morning Herald. Newsletter of the Sociology of Sexualities Section of the American Sociological Association. American Sociological Association Sexualities News.

UII Australia - Intersex Australia. Archived from the original on December 11, The Advocate. Tony Briffa JP". Archived from the original on Concluding paper of the sex and gender diversity project , Australian Human Rights Commission, March The Hon Kevin Rudd MP. Archived from the original on 19 November Retrieved 23 December Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

Australian Government. Archived from the original on 19 October Retrieved 27 December Retrieved 2 April National LGBTI Health Alliance. Archived from the original on 29 March Retrieved 29 April ABC News. Constitutional Court of Belgium. Retrieved 19 December Leuven Blog for Public Law. Leuven Centre for Public Law KU Leuven. Politics and Governance. ISSN — via Ghent University Library. The Telegraph. The Brussels Times.

RTBF in French. Belgian government removes gender from identity card]. De Standaard in Flemish. Extra Online in Brazilian Portuguese. O Globo in Brazilian Portuguese. G1 in Brazilian Portuguese. DIÁRIO OFICIAL DA UNIÃO. Federal Police of Brazil. Conselho Nacional de Justiça CNJ.

Universo Online UOL in Brazilian Portuguese. Defensoria Pública do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul in Brazilian Portuguese. Arpen Brasil - Saiba Mais in Brazilian Portuguese. Ministério Público do Estado da Bahia in Brazilian Portuguese. Government of Ontario. June 29, Retrieved November 7, baby first to get health card without gender marker".

He holds a PhD and MA in political science from the University of New Orleans. Rachel Lawler is a survey analyst at the Public Policy Institute of California, where she works with the statewide survey team. In that role, she led and contributed to a variety of quantitative and qualitative studies for both government and corporate clients. She holds an MA in American politics and foreign policy from the University College Dublin and a BA in political science from Chapman University.

Deja Thomas is a survey analyst at the Public Policy Institute of California, where she works with the statewide survey team. Prior to joining PPIC, she was a research assistant with the social and demographic trends team at the Pew Research Center. In that role, she contributed to a variety of national quantitative and qualitative survey studies. She holds a BA in psychology from the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.

This survey was supported with funding from the Arjay and Frances F. Ruben Barrales Senior Vice President, External Relations Wells Fargo. Mollyann Brodie Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. Bruce E. Cain Director Bill Lane Center for the American West Stanford University.

Jon Cohen Chief Research Officer and Senior Vice President, Strategic Partnerships and Business Development Momentive-AI. Joshua J. Dyck Co-Director Center for Public Opinion University of Massachusetts, Lowell.

Lisa García Bedolla Vice Provost for Graduate Studies and Dean of the Graduate Division University of California, Berkeley. Russell Hancock President and CEO Joint Venture Silicon Valley.

Sherry Bebitch Jeffe Professor Sol Price School of Public Policy University of Southern California. Carol S. Larson President Emeritus The David and Lucile Packard Foundation. Lisa Pitney Vice President of Government Relations The Walt Disney Company. Robert K.

Ross, MD President and CEO The California Endowment. Most Reverend Jaime Soto Bishop of Sacramento Roman Catholic Diocese of Sacramento. Helen Iris Torres CEO Hispanas Organized for Political Equality.

David C. Wilson, PhD Dean and Professor Richard and Rhoda Goldman School of Public Policy University of California, Berkeley. Chet Hewitt, Chair President and CEO Sierra Health Foundation. Mark Baldassare President and CEO Public Policy Institute of California. Ophelia Basgal Affiliate Terner Center for Housing Innovation University of California, Berkeley. Louise Henry Bryson Chair Emerita, Board of Trustees J.

Paul Getty Trust. Sandra Celedon President and CEO Fresno Building Healthy Communities. Marisa Chun Judge, Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco. Steven A. Leon E. Panetta Chairman The Panetta Institute for Public Policy. Cassandra Walker Pye President Lucas Public Affairs. Gaddi H. Vasquez Retired Senior Vice President, Government Affairs Edison International Southern California Edison. The Public Policy Institute of California is dedicated to informing and improving public policy in California through independent, objective, nonpartisan research.

PPIC is a public charity. It does not take or support positions on any ballot measures or on any local, state, or federal legislation, nor does it endorse, support, or oppose any political parties or candidates for public office. Short sections of text, not to exceed three paragraphs, may be quoted without written permission provided that full attribution is given to the source. Research publications reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of our funders or of the staff, officers, advisory councils, or board of directors of the Public Policy Institute of California.

This website uses cookies to analyze site traffic and to allow users to complete forms on the site. PPIC does not share, trade, sell, or otherwise disclose personal information. PPIC Water Policy Center. PPIC Statewide Survey. PPIC Higher Education Center. People Our Team Board of Directors Statewide Leadership Council Adjunct Fellows.

Support Ways to Give Our Contributors. Table of Contents Key Findings Overall Mood Gubernatorial Election State Propositions 26, 27, and 30 Congressional Elections Democracy and the Political Divide Approval Ratings Regional Map Methodology Questions and Responses Authors and Acknowledgments PPIC Statewide Advisory Committee PPIC Board of Directors Copyright.

Key Findings Overall Mood Gubernatorial Election State Propositions 26, 27, and 30 Congressional Elections Democracy and the Political Divide Approval Ratings Regional Map Methodology Questions and Responses Authors and Acknowledgments PPIC Statewide Advisory Committee PPIC Board of Directors Copyright. Key Findings California voters have now received their mail ballots, and the November 8 general election has entered its final stage.

These are among the key findings of a statewide survey on state and national issues conducted from October 14 to 23 by the Public Policy Institute of California: Many Californians have negative perceptions of their personal finances and the US economy. Forty-seven percent say that things in California are going in the right direction, while 33 percent think things in the US are going in the right direction; partisans differ in their overall outlook.

Partisans are deeply divided in their choices. Fewer than half of likely voters say the vote outcome of Propositions 26, 27, or 30 is very important to them. Sixty-one percent say the issue of abortion rights is very important in their vote for Congress this year; Democrats are far more likely than Republicans or independents to hold this view. Republicans are far less likely than Democrats and independents to hold this positive view.

There is rare partisan consensus on one topic: majorities of Democrats, Republicans, and independents are pessimistic that Americans with different political views can still come together and work out their differences.

About four in ten or more California adults and likely voters approve of US Senator Dianne Feinstein and US Senator Alex Padilla. These approval ratings vary across partisan groups. Approval of the state legislature is higher than approval of the US Congress. Would you call yourself a strong Democrat or not a very strong Democrat? Acknowledgments This survey was supported with funding from the Arjay and Frances F.

Kaiser Family Foundation Bruce E. Cain Director Bill Lane Center for the American West Stanford University Jon Cohen Chief Research Officer and Senior Vice President, Strategic Partnerships and Business Development Momentive-AI Joshua J. Dyck Co-Director Center for Public Opinion University of Massachusetts, Lowell Lisa García Bedolla Vice Provost for Graduate Studies and Dean of the Graduate Division University of California, Berkeley Russell Hancock President and CEO Joint Venture Silicon Valley Sherry Bebitch Jeffe Professor Sol Price School of Public Policy University of Southern California.

Robert Lapsley President California Business Roundtable Carol S. Ross, MD President and CEO The California Endowment Jui Shrestha Survey Specialist Consultant World Bank Most Reverend Jaime Soto Bishop of Sacramento Roman Catholic Diocese of Sacramento Helen Iris Torres CEO Hispanas Organized for Political Equality David C.

Paul Getty Trust Sandra Celedon President and CEO Fresno Building Healthy Communities A. Marisa Chun Judge, Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco Phil Isenberg Former Chair Delta Stewardship Council Mas Masumoto Author and Farmer. Panetta Chairman The Panetta Institute for Public Policy Gerald L.

Please check back soon for future events, and sign up to receive invitations to our events and briefings. December 1, Speaker Series on California's Future — Virtual Event. November 30, Virtual Event. November 18, Annual Water Conference — In-Person and Online.

We believe in the power of good information to build a brighter future for California. Help support our mission. Mark Baldassare , Dean Bonner , Rachel Lawler , and Deja Thomas. Supported with funding from the Arjay and Frances F. Miller Foundation and the James Irvine Foundation. California voters have now received their mail ballots, and the November 8 general election has entered its final stage.

Amid rising prices and economic uncertainty—as well as deep partisan divisions over social and political issues—Californians are processing a great deal of information to help them choose state constitutional officers and state legislators and to make policy decisions about state propositions. The midterm election also features a closely divided Congress, with the likelihood that a few races in California may determine which party controls the US House. These are among the key findings of a statewide survey on state and national issues conducted from October 14 to 23 by the Public Policy Institute of California:.

Today, there is a wide partisan divide: seven in ten Democrats are optimistic about the direction of the state, while 91 percent of Republicans and 59 percent of independents are pessimistic.

Californians are much more pessimistic about the direction of the country than they are about the direction of the state. Majorities across all demographic groups and partisan groups, as well as across regions, are pessimistic about the direction of the United States. A wide partisan divide exists: most Democrats and independents say their financial situation is about the same as a year ago, while solid majorities of Republicans say they are worse off.

Regionally, about half in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles say they are about the same, while half in the Central Valley say they are worse off; residents elsewhere are divided between being worse off and the same. The shares saying they are worse off decline as educational attainment increases. Strong majorities across partisan groups feel negatively, but Republicans and independents are much more likely than Democrats to say the economy is in poor shape.

Today, majorities across partisan, demographic, and regional groups say they are following news about the gubernatorial election either very or fairly closely. In the upcoming November 8 election, there will be seven state propositions for voters. Due to time constraints, our survey only asked about three ballot measures: Propositions 26, 27, and For each, we read the proposition number, ballot, and ballot label. Two of the state ballot measures were also included in the September survey Propositions 27 and 30 , while Proposition 26 was not.

This measure would allow in-person sports betting at racetracks and tribal casinos, requiring that racetracks and casinos offering sports betting make certain payments to the state to support state regulatory costs. It also allows roulette and dice games at tribal casinos and adds a new way to enforce certain state gambling laws. Fewer than half of likely voters say the outcome of each of these state propositions is very important to them.

Today, 21 percent of likely voters say the outcome of Prop 26 is very important, 31 percent say the outcome of Prop 27 is very important, and 42 percent say the outcome of Prop 30 is very important. Today, when it comes to the importance of the outcome of Prop 26, one in four or fewer across partisan groups say it is very important to them.

About one in three across partisan groups say the outcome of Prop 27 is very important to them. Fewer than half across partisan groups say the outcome of Prop 30 is very important to them. When asked how they would vote if the election for the US House of Representatives were held today, 56 percent of likely voters say they would vote for or lean toward the Democratic candidate, while 39 percent would vote for or lean toward the Republican candidate.

Democratic candidates are preferred by a point margin in Democratic-held districts, while Republican candidates are preferred by a point margin in Republican-held districts.

Abortion is another prominent issue in this election. When asked about the importance of abortion rights, 61 percent of likely voters say the issue is very important in determining their vote for Congress and another 20 percent say it is somewhat important; just 17 percent say it is not too or not at all important. With the controlling party in Congress hanging in the balance, 51 percent of likely voters say they are extremely or very enthusiastic about voting for Congress this year; another 29 percent are somewhat enthusiastic while 19 percent are either not too or not at all enthusiastic.

Today, Democrats and Republicans have about equal levels of enthusiasm, while independents are much less likely to be extremely or very enthusiastic. As Californians prepare to vote in the upcoming midterm election, fewer than half of adults and likely voters are satisfied with the way democracy is working in the United States—and few are very satisfied. Satisfaction was higher in our February survey when 53 percent of adults and 48 percent of likely voters were satisfied with democracy in America.

Today, half of Democrats and about four in ten independents are satisfied, compared to about one in five Republicans. Notably, four in ten Republicans are not at all satisfied. In addition to the lack of satisfaction with the way democracy is working, Californians are divided about whether Americans of different political positions can still come together and work out their differences. Forty-nine percent are optimistic, while 46 percent are pessimistic.

Today, in a rare moment of bipartisan agreement, about four in ten Democrats, Republicans, and independents are optimistic that Americans of different political views will be able to come together. Notably, in , half or more across parties, regions, and demographic groups were optimistic. Today, about eight in ten Democrats—compared to about half of independents and about one in ten Republicans—approve of Governor Newsom.

Across demographic groups, about half or more approve of how Governor Newsom is handling his job. Approval of Congress among adults has been below 40 percent for all of after seeing a brief run above 40 percent for all of Democrats are far more likely than Republicans to approve of Congress.

Fewer than half across regions and demographic groups approve of Congress. Approval in March was at 44 percent for adults and 39 percent for likely voters. Across demographic groups, about half or more approve among women, younger adults, African Americans, Asian Americans, and Latinos. Views are similar across education and income groups, with just fewer than half approving.

Approval in March was at 41 percent for adults and 36 percent for likely voters. Across regions, approval reaches a majority only in the San Francisco Bay Area. Across demographic groups, approval reaches a majority only among African Americans. This map highlights the five geographic regions for which we present results; these regions account for approximately 90 percent of the state population. Residents of other geographic areas in gray are included in the results reported for all adults, registered voters, and likely voters, but sample sizes for these less-populous areas are not large enough to report separately.

The PPIC Statewide Survey is directed by Mark Baldassare, president and CEO and survey director at the Public Policy Institute of California. Coauthors of this report include survey analyst Deja Thomas, who was the project manager for this survey; associate survey director and research fellow Dean Bonner; and survey analyst Rachel Lawler. The Californians and Their Government survey is supported with funding from the Arjay and Frances F. Findings in this report are based on a survey of 1, California adult residents, including 1, interviewed on cell phones and interviewed on landline telephones.

The sample included respondents reached by calling back respondents who had previously completed an interview in PPIC Statewide Surveys in the last six months. Interviews took an average of 19 minutes to complete. Interviewing took place on weekend days and weekday nights from October 14—23, Cell phone interviews were conducted using a computer-generated random sample of cell phone numbers. Additionally, we utilized a registration-based sample RBS of cell phone numbers for adults who are registered to vote in California.

All cell phone numbers with California area codes were eligible for selection. After a cell phone user was reached, the interviewer verified that this person was age 18 or older, a resident of California, and in a safe place to continue the survey e. Cell phone respondents were offered a small reimbursement to help defray the cost of the call.

Cell phone interviews were conducted with adults who have cell phone service only and with those who have both cell phone and landline service in the household. Landline interviews were conducted using a computer-generated random sample of telephone numbers that ensured that both listed and unlisted numbers were called.

Additionally, we utilized a registration-based sample RBS of landline phone numbers for adults who are registered to vote in California. All landline telephone exchanges in California were eligible for selection.

For both cell phones and landlines, telephone numbers were called as many as eight times. When no contact with an individual was made, calls to a number were limited to six. Also, to increase our ability to interview Asian American adults, we made up to three additional calls to phone numbers estimated by Survey Sampling International as likely to be associated with Asian American individuals.

Accent on Languages, Inc. The survey sample was closely comparable to the ACS figures. To estimate landline and cell phone service in California, Abt Associates used state-level estimates released by the National Center for Health Statistics—which used data from the National Health Interview Survey NHIS and the ACS.

The estimates for California were then compared against landline and cell phone service reported in this survey. We also used voter registration data from the California Secretary of State to compare the party registration of registered voters in our sample to party registration statewide.

The sampling error, taking design effects from weighting into consideration, is ±3. This means that 95 times out of , the results will be within 3. The sampling error for unweighted subgroups is larger: for the 1, registered voters, the sampling error is ±4. For the sampling errors of additional subgroups, please see the table at the end of this section. Sampling error is only one type of error to which surveys are subject. Results may also be affected by factors such as question wording, question order, and survey timing.

We present results for five geographic regions, accounting for approximately 90 percent of the state population. Residents of other geographic areas are included in the results reported for all adults, registered voters, and likely voters, but sample sizes for these less-populous areas are not large enough to report separately. We also present results for congressional districts currently held by Democrats or Republicans, based on residential zip code and party of the local US House member.

We compare the opinions of those who report they are registered Democrats, registered Republicans, and no party preference or decline-to-state or independent voters; the results for those who say they are registered to vote in other parties are not large enough for separate analysis. We also analyze the responses of likely voters—so designated per their responses to survey questions about voter registration, previous election participation, intentions to vote this year, attention to election news, and current interest in politics.

The percentages presented in the report tables and in the questionnaire may not add to due to rounding. Additional details about our methodology can be found at www. pdf and are available upon request through surveys ppic. October 14—23, 1, California adult residents; 1, California likely voters English, Spanish.

Margin of error ±3.

Scalo Publishers September 15, The measure applies to non-citizen permanent residents who possess Argentine identity cards as well. PC Gamer Newsletter Sign up to get the best content of the week, and great gaming deals, as picked by the editors. Journal of the Anthropological Society of Bombay July. JSTOR

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